Glossary
The Lovelaice glossary
The words we keep using. Pinned so nobody has to guess what we mean.
A shared vocabulary for building AI products that survive production — grouped by where each term shows up in the work.23 terms across 7 sections.
Section
The Lovelaice methodology
The framework the rest of the vocabulary builds on.
Section
The problem we’re all working on
The failure modes that appear the moment AI leaves the demo.
AI feature vs. AI product
Lovelaice framingAn AI feature is one capability inside a product that already does a job. An AI product is the whole thing built around the model. The distinction decides what a mediocre model output actually costs — being ignored, or eroding trust in the surrounding product.
Productivity use vs. AI at scale
Lovelaice framingProductivity use is you using an LLM to move faster in your own work, where a human reads every output. AI at scale is the same model running inside your product thousands of times a day with nobody checking. The techniques that work for one break silently in the other.
Ship and hope
Lovelaice termThe pattern of deploying AI features based on a handful of happy-path demos, without systematic validation, and hoping production matches the demo. The default mode for most teams shipping their first AI feature.
Silent failures
Lovelaice termAI quality issues that produce confident-looking but useless or wrong output. They don't trigger errors or user reports — users just lose trust and quietly stop using the feature, so the failure never appears in your metrics.
Vibe check
Lovelaice framingEyeballing a handful of AI outputs and concluding the model 'seems fine.' The dominant industry practice for AI quality assessment — and the practice that systematic evaluation replaces.
Section
Who does the work
The people and artifacts that decide what “good” actually means.
Domain expert
Lovelaice framingThe person who knows what 'good' looks like for your users — the PM, underwriter, lawyer, clinician, support lead. The model brings general intelligence; the domain expert brings what makes an answer useful in a specific context.
Ground truth
Lovelaice framingThe agreed correct answer for a given input, written down by someone who actually knows. Without ground truth, you can't score anything — you can only vibe-check.
Golden dataset
Lovelaice framingA curated, stable set of real inputs paired with ground truth — the reference set you re-run after every change. Usually 50–200 cases, deliberately including the ugly edge cases rather than the demo-friendly ones.
Context rot
Lovelaice framingThe quality drop that happens as you give a model more context. A million-token window doesn't use all of it equally well — accuracy falls, instructions in the middle get ignored, and the model leans on the wrong parts. It degrades gradually, so nobody notices the day it started.
Section
Before you ship vs. after you ship
The two different jobs of pre-deployment testing and production observability.
Pre-ship validation
Lovelaice framingTesting an AI feature against your golden dataset before it reaches users, so you know how it behaves at scale rather than how it behaved in a demo. The step almost nobody does — and the only one that prevents releasing an AI that disappoints your users.
Observability
Lovelaice framingWatching what your AI actually did in production — traces, inputs, outputs, latency, cost, errors. Necessary, and not the same as evaluation. Observability tells you what happened; it can't tell you whether the answer was any good.
Trace
Lovelaice framingThe full record of one AI interaction: input, retrieved context, model calls, tool calls, output. Without traces you can only see that something failed, never why.
Regression
Lovelaice framingSomething that worked yesterday and doesn't today, because of a change you made somewhere else. In AI, one extra instruction can reroute everything around it — so re-testing only the case you fixed is how you ship regressions and find out from a customer.
Section
How you actually measure
The mechanics of scoring AI output at scale.
Eval
Lovelaice framingA repeatable test that scores AI output against a definition of good, run across many cases in your dataset. The closest thing to a unit test for a probabilistic system — without it, every iteration is a guess dressed up as a decision.
Deterministic eval
Lovelaice framingA check with one right answer that a computer can verify: exact match, valid JSON, a number within tolerance, a required field present, a forbidden phrase absent. Cheap, instant, reproducible, and it never disagrees with itself.
LLM-as-judge
Lovelaice framingUsing a model to score another model's output against written criteria, for things you can't check deterministically — tone, completeness, whether the answer addresses the real question. Only as good as the criteria you write, and only trustworthy after you've validated it against human-scored examples.
Experiment
Lovelaice framingOne full pass of a given prompt, model, and configuration over your whole golden dataset — scored and saved. The unit of progress in AI development. Comparing two experiments is the only honest way to say an iteration made things better.
Error analysis
Lovelaice framingReading real failures and sorting them into named categories, rather than just counting them. '82% accurate' tells you nothing you can act on. 'Fails on scanned documents older than 2015' tells you exactly what to build next.
Failure pattern
Lovelaice framingA recurring, nameable way your feature breaks. Patterns are fixable. Individual bad outputs are anecdotes — and anecdotes are what your team is currently trading in Slack threads.
Section
Benchmarks
Public leaderboards, and the private one that actually decides.
Model benchmark
Lovelaice framingThe public leaderboards — MMLU, GPQA, SWE-bench, LMArena. Standardized tests that rank models on general tasks. Useful for narrowing a shortlist, useless for picking a winner: a model topping the chart can still be the worst option for your specific task.
Domain-specific benchmark
Lovelaice framingThe same idea as a model benchmark, run on your data, your constraints, your users' language: your golden dataset, scored across candidate models and prompts. The number that should decide anything — and it routinely disagrees with the public leaderboards.
Section
Things that surprise people
Where AI economics stops behaving like classic SaaS.